INSURANCE SERVICES SEGMENT PROFIT OR LOSS
      
  
  
|  | For the nine months ended 30 Septembe |  |  | 
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| (€m) | 2019 | 2018 | Increase/(decrease) | 
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| Revenue | 1,219 | 1,049 | 170 | 16.2% | 
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| Upfront Life | 267 | 264 | 3 | 1.2% | 
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| Net investment result Life | 786 | 707 | 79 | 11.2% | 
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| Technical margin Life | 27 | 18 | 9 | 52.4% | 
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| Change in other technical provisions and other technical costs/income | 23 | (37) | 60 | 162.9% | 
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| Net Life revenue | 1,103 | 952 | 151 | 15.9% | 
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| Premium revenue | 164 | 124 | 40 | 32.2% | 
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| Change in technical provisions and claims expenses | (45) | (29) | (17) | -58.6% | 
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| Result from reinsurance | (12) | (8) | (5) | -60.4% | 
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| Net P&C income | 2 | 1 | 1 | 108.0% | 
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| Net P&C revenue | 108 | 88 | 19 | 21.9% | 
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| Other operating income | 8 | 8 | 0 | -0.7% | 
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| Intersegment revenue | 0 | 1 | (1) | -75.1% | 
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| Costs | 472 | 446 | 26 | 5.8% | 
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| of which: |  |  |  |  | 
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| Total personnel expenses | 29 | 28 | 1 | 2.7% | 
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| of which ordinary personnel expenses | 29 | 28 | 1 | 4.7% | 
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| of which early retirement incentives | 0 | 1 | (1) | -100.0% | 
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| of which disputes and other extraordinary items | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | 
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| Other operating costs | 63 | 59 | 4 | 6.2% | 
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| Intersegment costs | 381 | 359 | 22 | 6.0% | 
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| of which fees | 360 | 330 | 30 | 9.1% | 
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| EBITDA | 747 | 603 | 144 | 23.8% | 
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| Depreciation, amortisation and impairments | 17 | 12 | 5 | 41.7% | 
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| EBIT | 730 | 591 | 139 | 23.4% | 
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| EBIT Margin | 59.8% | 56.3% |  |  | 
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| Finance income/(costs) | 15 | 50 | (35) | -70.5% | 
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| Profit before tax | 744 | 641 | 103 | 16.1% | 
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| Income tax expense | 225 | 224 | 1 | 0.5% | 
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| Net profit | 519 | 417 | 102 | 24.5% | 
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